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XHTML

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Introduction
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Introduction


XHTML, essentially a reimplementation of HTML 4.01 as an XML language, has been the W3C's "HTML" standard since January 2000; it opens up the path to extensible and semantic markup, and presentation adapted to different client devices. It's amazing then that only now tools like HomeSite 5 and Dreamweaver 5 are appearing with specific XHTML support built-in. Since this is such an important subject, and XHTML is rather fundamentally different from HTML in many respects, I took a really close look at books available about XHTML. I considered books for three target audiences: those new to markup ("how do I make a web site"), those who already know (some) HTML but want to learn how to apply the new standard ("how is XHTML different from HTML"), and those faced with converting an existing HTML web site to XHTML in order to take advantage of the new possibilities and future extension ("how do I get from here to there"). Obviously there will be some overlaps, both in audiences, and in books aimed at them. Wherever possible, I have reviewed the actual books, spending hours in the local bookstore(!); some books that were not available there yet will have more informed reviews later.

NOT recommended

While you'll find books here that I recommend or that at least look interesting enough to warrant a mention, I really should mention a few books that I do not recommend. (If you see them coming up in the 'Amazon recommends' sidebar, ignore them.)

Looking through these pages, you must have noticed that I am generally a fan of O'Reilly's books. Well, there is always the exception that proves the rule: I think that HTML & XHTML: The Definitive Guide 4th Edition must be the worst O'Reilly book ever. While the previous HTML edition still had clear markers for browser-specific tags and attributes in the syntax boxes for each tag, and information about what is required (though sometimes incorrect), incredibly in this edition such essential information has been removed, as can be seen from the sample chapter about frames. XHTML is relegated to a single chapter at the end, effectively treated as an afterthought, while for actual information about what is required and what is deprecated you'll just have to read the reprinted DTDs. In fact, if you already own this book, I'd advise you to burn it or find some other creative purpose for it (use its pages to make party decorations for your daughter's birthday, for instance)!

Another book I looked at is XHTML Essentials: While this is clearly aimed at migration from HTML to XHTML, and does contain some good content, it's very incomplete, and the quickref manages to mention only tags - no attributes at all! There are much better and more complete books for those who are faced with conversion to XHTML.

 
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XHTML Fast & Easy Web Development
(Amazon.co.uk)

by Brian Proffitt, Ann Zupan (Editor)
Paperback - 350 pages Bk&Cd-Rom edition (April 2000)
Premier Press, Inc.
ISBN: 0761527850

If you are an absolute beginner and have no knowledge of HTML, this may be the book for you. It really is aimed at beginners at writing web pages. However, it also contains a lot of inappropriate advice (such as using blockquote for indentation: the exact opposite of what Ann Navarro advises!). After using this book to learn XHTML you'll have to UNlearn a couple of bad habits. It's also incomplete in that not every element or attribute is even mentioned. Not recommended unless you are an absolute beginner and need a gentle introduction, or accessing on-line information is expensive where you live. With a little more work (and cheap on-line access) Ann Navarro's book will get you much farther and not teach you bad habits and invalid code!  to menu

 
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XHTML by Example
(Amazon.co.uk)

by Ann Navarro
Paperback - 300 pages 1st edition (September 22, 2000)
Que
ISBN: 0789723859

This book, written and reviewed by XHTML Work group members, is targeted at beginners, but not as easy as the "Fast & Easy" book. If you have cheap on-line access, you best bet would be to work through an on-line tutorial about (X)HTML first, and then tackle this book. With this book, you'll learn correct usage of XHTML; it avoids jargon but still conveys what is necessary and what should be avoided. There's a good chapter about accessibility.
Get it!  to menu

 
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XHTML Example By Example
(Amazon.co.uk)

by Aaron E. Walsh, Dave Raggett
Paperback - 766 pages 1st edition (July 30, 2001)
Prentice Hall PTR
ISBN: 013040005X

Although this book could be used by beginners, just the size will make it a bit daunting for most. The actual content of this book is excellent and very complete; it also goes beyond "pure" XHTML with good introductory chapters on JavaScript and style sheets. On the other hand, this excellent content is very badly organized, so if you're new to markup you'll have to work hard at it and jump around a lot; often ideas are introduced for which you need to have read a later chapter (JavaScript for forms before the chapter about forms, for instance). For someone with a good grasp of HTML already, that's not so much of a problem, though. Not for the absolute beginner, but a good follow-up after Ann Navarro's book; recommended for those who already know HTML.
Get it!  to menu

 
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XHTML 1.0 Language and Design Sourcebook: The Next Generation HTML
(Amazon.co.uk)

by Ian S. Graham
Paperback - 800 pages (March 16, 2000)
John Wiley & Sons
ISBN: 0471374857

Background

This book covers the details of HTML, the newer XHTML language, and the Cascading Style Sheets (CSS) language for defining formatting and layout. Not quite for real beginners, as it assumes at least a working knowledge of HTML. (Not 'physically' reviewed yet.)  to menu

 
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Mastering XHTML
(Amazon.co.uk)

by Ed Tittel, Chelsea Valentine, Lucinda Dykes, Mary Burmeister
Paperback - 1056 pages 1st edition (July 24, 2001)
Sybex
ISBN: 0782128203

Background

Although the cover claims this is for all levels, it's clearly not suitable for absolute beginners. A good book if you already know a little HTML; it uses a clever step-by-step method to show how to build a tag, and has a nice section on adding and deleting rows and columns in tables (I've never seen this so clearly explained). The book is especially good if you need to convert a site from HTML. There are occasional errors, but these are offset by some good explanations of issues I haven't seen elsewhere. Covers technologies beyond "pure" XHTML (style sheets, JavaScript, Multimedia) though these are aimed only at "web pages": there's nothing about WAP, XHTML Basic or even XForms. Good attention is paid to what is required and deprecated, and to validation and repair. And it contains the best XHTML reference I've seen in any book yet, with all elements and attributes listed, including first browser support or standard as well as whether something is required or deprecated: much more than a reprint of the DTD that many books resort to.
Get it!  to menu

 
cover
Beginning XHTML
(Amazon.co.uk)

by Frank Boumphrey, Cassandra Greer, Dave Raggett, Jenny Raggett, Sebastian Schnitzenbaumer, Ted Wugofski
Wrox Press Inc
Perfect Paperback - 700 pages 1st edition (March 2000)
ISBN: 1861003439

Background

The title of this book is definitely misleading: it's certainly not for beginners; instead, it's aimed at those who already have good knowledge of HTML and are now starting on the next step: the transition to XHTML. With this many authors, some overlap between the chapters seems unavoidable. (Not 'physically' reviewed yet.)  to menu

 
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XHTML: Moving Toward XML
(Amazon.co.uk)

by Simon St.Laurent, B.K. DeLong
Paperback - 400 pages 1st edition (January 15, 2000)
Hungry Minds, Inc
ISBN: 0764547097

Background

This looks interesting enough to warrant a mention. St. Laurent is an XML expert. As the companion web site explains:

XHTML: Moving Toward XML helps Web developers make the transition from 'traditional' HTML to the World Wide Web Consortium's new XHTML. Web developers who have spent years dealing with cross-platform chaos brought on by the 'browser wars' can finally start moving to a single standard, but making use of XHTML requires a significant change in development style as well as patience with a few legacies of HTML.

You'll definitely need a firm grasp of HTML to use this book. (Not 'physically' reviewed yet.)  to menu

 
 

Finding other books


You can use these search forms to search Amazon.com's or Amazon.co.uk's catalog for books, software, and more. And mail let me know what you missed so I can add it!

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